1. The ruling principle of surveying is to:

(a) work from whole to part
(b) work from part to whole
(c) work from line to area
(d) work from point to area

Explanation :

Ans. (a) : Principle of Surveying– Working from the whole to the part is the ruling principle in surveying.
• It involves using method which are accurate but no more so than necessary. This is best exemplified in the case of large surveys covering a whole country or region.
• The principles of fixing a point in relation to points already located is based on the fact that it is always possible to select two points in the area to be surveyed, and measure the distance between them.

2. In a geodetic survey the surface of the earth is
considered:

(a) Vertical

(b) Curved
(c) Inclined

(d) Horizontal

Ans. (b) : Geodetic Survey– Survey in which the shape (curvature) of earth’s surface is taken into account and a higher degree of precision is exercised
in linear and angular measurement is termed as geodetic surveying.
Plane Survey– Survey in which the mean surface of
earth is regarded as plane surface and not curved as it
really is, known as plane surveying.